hmus, started the canal and then left Congress not to debate the canal, but to debate me." Other examples of wielding the big stick came in 1906 when Roosevelt occupied and set up a military protectorate in Cuba and when he put pressure on Canada in a boundary dispute in Alaska.As part of his annual address to Congress in 1904, President Theodore Roosevelt stated that in keeping with the Monroe Doctrine the United States was justified in exercising "international police power" to put an end to chronic unrest or wrongdoing in the Western Hemisphere. This so-called Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine contained a great irony: whereas the Monroe Doctrine had been sought to prevent European intervention in the Western Hemisphere, the Roosevelt Corollary justified American intervention throughout the Western Hemisphere.Such "dollar diplomacy" was used to justify--and probably made inevitable--the later "gunboat diplomacy" of U.S. military intervention in Santo Domingo, Nicaragua, and Haiti. Foreign policy created by U.S. president William Howard Taft and his secretary of state, Philander C. Knox to ensure the financial stability of a region while protecting and extending American commercial and financial interests there. It grew out of President Theodore Roosevelt's peaceful intervention in the Dominican Republic, Moen 4where U.S. loans had been exchanged for the right to choose the Dominican head of customs (the country's major revenue source).Under the name of Dollar Diplomacy the Taft administration engineered such a policy in Nicaragua. It supported the overthrow of Jose Santos Zelaya and set up Adolfo Diaz in his place, it established a collector of customs, and it guaranteed loans to the Nicaraguan government. The resentment of the Nicaraguan people, however, eventually resulted in U.S. military intervention as well.Taft and Knox also attempted to promulgate Dollar Diplomacy in China, where it was even less successful, both in te...
