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When Thomas was only 8 years old his father and sister, Elizabeth, died of typhoid fever. After his childhood in Virginia, Stonewall Jackson attended the United States Military Academy at West Point. He was not the first choice to be able to attend for his congressional unit, but the first applicant withdrew from the academy after his first day there. In June of 1846, Jackson graduated from the United States Academy at West Point. Out of 59 graduates in his class Thomas Jackson graduated 17th. After graduating from U.S. Military Academy, Jackson started his Army Career as 2nd Lieutenant in the first Artillery Regiment. As a U.S. army officer Jackson served in the Mexican war from 1846 to 1848. During the war he served in many places. Those places were Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, Fort Hamilton, New York, and Fort Meade, Florida. In 1853, Jackson started a family. It was August 4 when he married Elinor Junkin. On October 22, 1854 Elinor died in childbirth, and their son was stillborn. Jackson married for a second time on July 16, 1857. He married Mary Anna Morrison. Jackson’s second Child, a daughter was born on April 30, 1858. The baby died less that a month later on May 25. In November of 1862 his third child was the daughter of Morrison. She was named Julia Laura. Later, he resigned from the army, and he was asked to teach at the Virginia Military Academy (VMA), in Lexington, Virginia. He accepted the offer and taught natural and experimental philosophy. Thomas J. Jackson played a very important roll in the civil war. As a general for the confederate side he served in many famous battles and was very well known. In November of 1859, Jackson was one of the Virginia Military Institute officers to accompany the contingent of cadets to Harpers Ferry, Virginia. At the execution of John Brown, who was an abolitionist, they stood guard. In 1861 Jackson was in charge of the cadets who were ordered to Richmond. There they were going to serve as drillmasters for new army recruits. 6 days later, Colonel Jackson was ordered to take command at Harpers Ferry, where he soon comprised the famous “stonewall Brigade.” That July, he was promoted to Brigadier General. At the first battle of Bull Run, Jackson's small group of troops were facing overwhelming odds but they formed a strong line and held their ground. At the sight of this, General Barnard Bee said,” There is Jackson's line over there standing like a stonewall." After this statement Thomas Jackson was given the nickname "Stonewall". In October 1861 Colonel Jackson was promoted to Major General. He served in the seven-day battles, and displayed ineffective leadership, which stood in stark contrast to the brilliance of the Shenandoah Valley campaign. The reasons for this uncharacteristic military failure are still debated among Jackson scholars today. In 1862 General Robert E. Lee reorganized his troops into two corps. Jackson was at that time promoted to Lieutenant General and placed in charge of the second corps. of Lee’s army in the northern part of Virginia. In the winter of 1863 they had headquarters on an estate just 10 miles south of Fredericksburg, Virginia. On May 2, 1863, while leading his forces at Chancellorsville, Jackson was accidentally shot and fatally wounded by his own men. The 18th North Carolina Infantry Regiment was responsible for the so-called “ friendly fire” incident. He was hit with 3 bullets. They were .57 caliber bullets. Jackson was taken to the field hospital near the battlefield. There they had to amputate his arm. May 4 Jackson was transported to Guiney station, approximately 30 miles from the battlefields. Jackson died May 10, 1863. “A few moments before he died he cried out in his delirium, 'Order A.P. Hill to prepare for action! Pass the infantry to the front rapidly! Tell Major Hawks' -- then stopped, leaving the sentence unfinished. Presently a smile of ineffable sweetness spread itself over his pale face, and he said quietly, and with an expression, as if of relief, 'Let us cross over the river, and rest under the shade of the trees.'" There are many things in memory of Stonewall Jackson. Some of those things are the Stonewall house, Stonewall Jackson shrine, Stonewall Jackson Inn, Stonewall Jackson High School, and the Stonewall Jackson Museum. He was a very important man with a very important roll in the civil war. Bibliography: Word Count: 795
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