care away African-American from white neighborhoods. Whites organized protective associations so homes in white neighborhoods could never be sold to an African-American man. This is very apparent in the makeup of many different northern cities. These cities had homogenized residential districts for blacks. Even in the North where most civil rights reformers hailed from, people discriminated based on color. Post Civil War America saw great many changes concerning civil rights and black suffrage. Many laws were passed to give a black person more rights. Unfortunately, many laws were also passed by state legislation to counter these; the Black codes and the Jim Crow laws of the late 18th century are examples. The north welcomed emancipation, but did so at the expense of the Black people. Emancipation secured the North’s position over the South, won at such cost during the war, but it is interesting to note that even though North supported emancipation, discrimination based on race was prevalent there as well as in the ‘racist’ South. Many labor contracts still bound freedmen to plantations and the only other work that was available was that of domestic servants and farm hands, just as was the case for blacks under slavery (Norton, p. 499)....
