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Biographies
Marc Antony
Marc Antony “Friends, Romans, countryman lend me your ears” (Shakespeare), this saying is what Mark Antony is probably most noted for. Antony’s life can be broken down into three parts. The first part would have to be the earlier years of his life before the death of Caesar. In the middle is Antony’s few years of success and power. The last part of his life is the downfall of him. Mark Antony was very powerful and successful for a short period in Ancient Rome. To begin, Mark Antony was born in 83 BC in Rome into a wealthy family (Laura). Mark Antony lived in Rome for the majority of his life. For a very short period, he was schooled in Greece (Encarta). Antony soon gained political and military power. From 58 to 56 BC he was the leader of the Roman Calvary (Encarta). Then in Gaul from 54 to 50 BC, he served in many offices (Encarta). Those offices include quaestor, augur, and the people’s tribune (Encarta). Antony did different jobs for his mentor, Julius Caesar. During the Battle of Pharsalus, which happened from 48 to 44 BC, Antony commanded the left wing of Caesar’s army (Encarta). “Antony, voluptuous, easy going, but capable of great effort, was unscrupulous and selfish. He sought power for his private ends, but his methods were casual and open” (Coolidge 73). Next, “After Caesar’s death, Antony maintained a very substantial military force for personal protection, including number centurions- and he accused Octavian of tampering with its loyalty” (Grant 88). Antony gave the speech at Caesar’s funeral. “At the end of it, the people were so carried away by fury at what had happened, that they rushed through the city to set the houses of the murders on fire” (Mills 274). Antony formed the Second Triumvirate with Octavian and Lepidus (Collier’s). Together, they defeated Brutus and Cassius at the Battle of Philippi (Excite). “Three men would split the world, Octavian, Antony, and a minor partner called Lepidus” (Coolidge 33). The Triumvirate made a hit list (Laura). Cicero a long with 300 senators and 2000 equities complied the list (Laura). In addition, Antony’s life soon begun to go through a downfall which would lead to his death. “Antony’s relationship with Octavian soon became strained, as each sought supremacy at Rome” (Grolier). The Treaty of Brundisium was passed and it divided the Roman Empire into three parts (Collier’s). Antony took the eastern half of Rome (Collier’s). The western half went to Octavian (Collier’s). Lepidus received Egypt for share of everything (Collier’s). Antony was sent to Egypt to speak with Cleopatra for attacking Lepidus (Encarta). “Instead of punishing Cleopartra, however, Antony fell in love with and returned with her to Egypt in 41 BC” (Encarta). Octavian reported to the Senate that Antony was going to give all of his power to Cleopatra once he died (Excite). For those hearings by Octavian, the Senate took away Antony’s powers and gave them all to Octavian in 32 BC (Grolier). The Senate declared war on Antony and Cleopatra (Excite). Antony and Cleopatra gathered troops to fight against Octavian and his army (Collier’s). They were defeated by Octavian at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC (Excite). The two knew they had no chance of winning in this war. Antony had gotten a word that Cleopatra was killed (Encarta). “Knowing that he was utterly defeated Antony killed himself” (Mills 286). In conclusion, Mark Antony’s life was of ups and a few too many downs. “Friends, Romans, countrymen lend me your ears” (Shakespeare), was not the most important thing that Antony should have been remembered for. He was a great ruler who had great military skills. Antony also was put onto a Roman coin to symbolize his greatness. Marc Antony was very predominant Roman with all his glorious and non-glorious times. Bibliography: Ancient Egyptian Culture http://emuseum.mankato.msus.edu/prehistory Antony, Marc. Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia CD-ROM. Copyright 1993-1998, Microsoft Corporation. Antony, Marc. Grolier Interactive CD-ROM. Copyright 1998; Grolier Interactive Inc. Antony, Marc. Collier’s Encyclopedia Volume 2. Copyright 1996, P.F. Collier 919 Thrid Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10022 Coolidge, Olivia. Lives of Famous Romans. Copyright 1965, Houghton Mifflin Company Boston Excite Encyclopedia Electronica http://www.etromca.com/xweb.exe Hodas, Moses; Imperial Rome. Copyright 1965, Time Incorporated New York, Editions of Time Books Grant, Michael; The Army of the Caesars copyright 1974, Charles Scribner’s Sons New York Laura’s Marc Antony Page http://www.ga.k12.pa.us/academic/ms/8th/romans/forum/lauraf/index.htm Mills, Dorothy M.A., The Book of the Ancient Romans, copyright 1937 G.P. Putnam’s Sons, New York
Word Count: 635
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