g father at home where they need his job as a means of living. The situation can be viewed from various perspectives, depending on which ethical theory one believes in. Other factors may also apply, varying in the geographic location, cultural background, and time.Through relativism, the theory states that ethically correct conducts are determined by the people, one may deem that it is plausible to say that Tom's act was ethical. Relativism is based on what the majority favors; whatever the majority feels is right, then it shall be for the rest of the people. It is similar to the modern concept of Democracy, for which the majority rules.Utilitarianism, is the theory that maximizes utility of any actions. In Utilitarianism, ethical issues are determined as those which maximize happiness upon all individuals. An act is deemed to be ethical if it has the maximum utility and happiness in comparison with other available options. In this case, it is foreseeable that Tom's act may maximize utility while satisfying the maximum number of people affected. By offering dedicated office supply to the students of the local schools, Tom would help the community while also helping his company grow. While Tom may have much support from the prior two theories, according to the Duty Theory, it is unethical for Tom to do what his employer told him to do. Duty theory, as the name may suggest, is derived from duties that one much abide to. The general rule is that one has a duty to choose the optimal choice. In addition, one must also not receive personal benefits from doing his duty. In such context, Tom surely has committed an unethical act.Divine Command and Virtue Ethics are the remaining major ethical beliefs we may apply to this dilemma. Both theories are very demanding of individuals and their already limited possibilities. Divine Command is based on the Ten Commandments of the Bible, for any act that does not violate any of the Ten Commandments is...
