Grinding stone to a sharp edge and a smooth surface made axes. Bows were made of fir, spruce or rock maple. Spears, knives and arrow points were made from chalcedony. Any fine carving was done with beaver teeth, (Nova Scotia 2-3; Wallis and Wallis 28). The main transportation that the Mi'kmaqs used was the canoe. The canoe was wide bottomed and raised at both ends with sides that curved upwards in the middle, and ranged in length from ten feet to 26 feet long. The canoe was made of birch bark over a light wooden frame. Another method of transportation was the toboggan, or as named by the Mi’kmaq’s, taba’gan. The toboggan was usually six to eight feet long. They also used sleds, or wa’aski’bidek. Sleds and toboggans were used to carry heavy loads over snow. Snowshoes, that were all shaped differently, and woven distinctly for different weather, were also used, (Nova Scotia 3; Wallis and Wallis 51).Entertainment among the Mi’kmaq’s included story telling, which could last for days, dancing, feasting, Waltes (a dice game), and contests that included running, wrestling, shooting and various ball games. Tobacco smoking was also a form of entertainment. The tobacco was made from red willow bark, bear berry leaves and a native tobacco plant. Tobacco pipes were made of wood or stone. Singing was another part of Mi’kmaq culture. There were three classes of songs. The first, neska wet, consisted of just singing. The second, tcigamaan, was singing and dancing. The third form of song was neska winto. This style of song was only sung when there was a solo singer and dance was sometimes added in. Some of the songs were: Gu’gwetc (The Game Song), Tes’kamwe Tabe’giana (The Snake Song), Ucatolte Tab’giana (The Toad Song), Ad’iuan’ietcitc’ (Goodbye, Little Annie), and Kiste’djuwe’giau (The Captive Song), (Nova Scotia 4; Wallis and Wall...
