dered a unique disorder that occurs in approximately fifteen out of every 10,000 births. Autism is four times more common in boys than girls. It has been found throughout the world in families of all racial, ethnic, and social backgrounds (Cash, 22). Family income, lifestyle, and educational levels do not affect the chance of autisms occurrence.Researchers all over the world are devoting considerable time, and energy into finding the answer to the critical question, What exactly causes autism? Although a single specific cause of autism is not known, researchers believe several genes as well as environmental factors such as viruses or chemicals, contribute to the disorder. But finding the genes that cause the disorder has proven far more complicated than originally thought (DeNoon). Scientists estimate that, in families with one autistic child, the risk of having a second child with the disorder is approximately 5%, or 1 in 20, which is greater than the risk for the general population. This genetic basis is believed by researchers to be highly complex, probably involving several genes in combination. CLSA study co-author Susan Santangelo portrays autism as a constellation of deficits. Some may be relatively benign in the absence of others. I think its relatively unlikely that any one gene will account for disease causation in any one subset of families. Its likely that more than one gene will be working in concert, although none of these genes themselves may be sufficient. Some of these genes may be causing milder effects in family members of these patients who are autistic. Some traits are much more frequent in family members (DeNoon). Scientists also believe that since all people with autism do not have it for the same reason then some different genes are likely producing the same results. If scientists are able to identify genes for autism then they will be able to understand meaningful subtypes. Scientist, Dr. Edwin C...
