s. The roughness parameter has a dimension of length since it may be considered as a characteristic of the height of the projections from the pipe wall.Figure 3: Theoretical Motor Performance CurvesIn developing a friction chart, the friction head loss must be accounted for. The friction head loss is the energy dissipated in the system - the higher the head loss, the higher the friction factor. The velocity of the liquid also effects the friction factor as they are inversely proportional....