upon reflection on the book. Therefore, understanding Malamud’s use of symbolism is critical in understanding The Natural, its background, its times, and its meaning. WORKS CITEDAbramson, Edward A.  Bernard Malamud Revisited.  New York:Twayne     Publishers,1993.“Grail, Holy,”  Microsoft  Encarta  98 Encyclopedia.  1993-1997 Microsoft     CorporationHelterman, Jeffrey.  Understanding Bernard Malamud.  Columbia:University of South      Carolina Press,1985.Malamud, Bernard.  The Natural.  New York:Avon Books,1952.Solotaroff, Robert.  Bernard Malamud: A Study of the Short Fiction.  Boston:Twayne     Publishers,1989.Wasserman, Earl R.  “The Natural: Malamud’s World Ceres” in Modern Critical Views:     Bernard Malamud. Ed. Harold Bloom.  New York:Chelsea House Publishers. 47-64...