king orienteering courses on the map (See Figure 1.1).Figure 1.1: Protractor CompassThe advantages of the thumb compass is that the map and compass are always read as a unit, the map is aligned more easily and quickly, plus one hand is left free (See Figure 1.2). Personal preference usually determines the type of compass used. To see how to use each of these types of compasses see Index 1.1.Figure 1.2: Thumb CompassThe next piece of equipment needed to orient one's self through the wilderness is a map. For this particular canoe trip, a detailed map showing Algonquin's entire 7725 square kilometers, 1600 kilometers of portages and 1500 lakes can be purchased. The front side of this map displays the Park's 29 access points as well as the Hwy. 60 corridor which boasts 8 campground. Portages and campsite within the interior as also clearly marked. This map is also beneficial to use because the reverse side answers general questions about the Park. There are useful tips and directions for canoeists as well as hints for the trip itself. Therefore, this map is essential for both orienteering and to truly enjoy Algonquin Provincial Park by canoe. (Friends of Algonquin Park, 1999)Although a compass and map are very useful, navigating through the wilderness can also be done without these two pieces of equipment. It is still essential to be able to establish where north, south, east and west are, so you can estimate the direction you will be travelling. Knowing that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west, one way of determining direction is by using the shadow method (See Index 2.1). Another way of determining direction is by using a watch (See Index 2.2).Looking at how the stars move can also be a way of determining direction. If a star is observed over two fixed points for 15 minutes, it will be seen to move. In the Northern Hemisphere the following rules apply: If the star is rising, you will be facing due east. If the st...
