t of the resource greater than 80 years of age”. This reflects the field reports of replanted forests with little age variation. Section 5: SoilPart I: Bedrock KnobThree soil pits were dug at the Bedrock Knob so that soil horizons and characteristics could be observed. The first pit was located 49 meters from the bus stop about half way between the bus stop and the Knob. The first layer was 5.7cm of fine clay, the transition layer was 6.1cm of rounded sand, and then the parent material was reached. The two layers were subject to compression tests that equaled 0.75 kg/cm2 and 2.95 kg/cm2 respectively. The parent material consisted of fine clay with a few rocks embedded and no orientation was visible. The next pit was dug 12 meters across the road from the Bedrock Knob and exposed a 6.4cm humus layer, a 4.9cm rusty brown, coarse sand layer, a slightly lighter 5.0cm transition layer, and two layers of fine, yellow sand totaling 30.1cm. The silt to fine sand is obviously sediment with iron as a dominant mineral. Variations of colour in the horizons are caused by the oxidation of the iron. The humus layer was too soft for a compression test but the layer of fine sand measured 0.52 kg/cm2 and the coarse sand, 2.52 kg/cm2 . Erosion of the Shield rock is likely responsible for the soil horizons found in the area but the particular processes related to transportation and deposition are undetermined. Part II: Bridgenorth Esker, Burnham Park, and the Rice Lake Drumlin.The Bridgenorth esker was not an ideal location for studying soil because very little was present on and around the esker. The esker had virtually no soil horizons, except for the thin layer of humus on top; the rest was sand and gravel. Mark S. Burnham Provincial Park has surprising shallow soil depth for an old-growth forest. The humus layer was thick and well-developed but under that was a mere 9-10cm of material. This material was mainly clay-loam and g...
