nutes. Which they would, first the P-waves came followed by the S-waves, with an interval time in the middle. This time could then be scaled up to give the results of what they though would be the times for the P and then the S-waves to arrive at other destinations. This theory was correct, further away from the point of the epicenter; first the P-waves arrived followed by the S-waves a few minutes later. So then they thought that this would be the case for all over the globe, but they found out something else. They tried to predict the time they expected the waves to reach a destination on exactly on the other side of the globe, so they scaled up the time interval between the two waves arriving. First the P-wave arrived, on time as they expected but the S-wave didn't, this was because the P-waves can travel through any physical state.However S-waves can only travel through solids which is why they can pass through the mantle, so a change of physical state must happen in the middle of the mantle somewhere. The area where the S-waves enter and do not come back out is called the shadow zone. The P-waves also have a shadow zone. This would be from about 105X to142X marked from the Focus of the earthquake. This is because when the P-waves enter the core they are bent downwards, they are then bent down again when they leave the core-mantle boundary. So no waves can emerge at the surface before 142X.From these results scientists are convinced that inside the mantle there is a molten core that must be blocking out the S-waves.So scientists have very good evidence to prove what they believe to be inside of the mantle. They even have their ways to prove what they believe the core to be made up of, they think there are two layers, an inner core surrounded by the outer core. The outer core is believed to be made up of liquid iron and the actual center of the core is made of solid iron.They have numerous reasons to back up this theory.Scientists ca...
