tion pitted southern states as deniers rather than protectors of liberty against the national government. The act basically just reaffirmed the fourteenth amendment, outlawing government discrimination and segregation laws, and also outlawing the segregation of privately owned businesses such as hotels, train lines, bus lines, etc., under the Constitutions interstate commerce clause. The principal tool of cooperative federalism was the grant-in-aid. A grant is money paid by one part of the government to another, to be spent for a specific purpose. There are two forms: block grants (a general grant to be spent at the states discretion) and categorical grants (very specific grants, which come with strings attached and enhance federal authority in the states). The grants started off small and only applied to certain areas, like highways and education-not abortion, or affirmative action for example. LBJs Great Society would change this, making the grants bigger and more involved. Under this program, the federal government enacted grant-in-aid programs in which the states had little interest or to which they were actually opposed. Federal funds were often given directly to units of local government such as counties, cities, and small towns. While previous grants were limited, the Great Society reached almost every policy area. Examples of this are education, historic preservation, public libraries, urban renewal, public parks, and public transit. Lots of legislation was enacted to help society and get the national government more involved. Programs aimed at helping every segment in society, and were very popular. His goal was to improve the peoples equality of opportunity in respect to education, welfare, and employment. People believed that everyone should have the same chance to succeed in life, be allowed to vote equally and have fair access to housing. The twenty-fourth amendment (no more poll tax), encouraged minority voters to vote. T...
