was outlawed by the state legislature. In March of 1869 on of Sing Sing’sprison keepers was killed. He was said to be the first New York correctional officer to bekilled on the job. In 1871 the Queens County jail was built in Long Island City. In 1873 the State Legislature mandated New York City to separate theDepartment of Public Charities and Correction. Now Public Charities was one divisionand Correction was one division. 1875 brought about the first Society for the Preventionof Cruelty to Children which then prohibited the confinement of children at Almshouse. In1876 the Elmira Reformatory was opened. This facility based its practices on the theoryof reform rather than punishment. Then in 1878 Louis D. Pilsbury became the first“Superintendent of Prison.” He had complete responsibility and control of state prisons. In 1881 the House of Refuge for Women was established. The Penal Code was alsoenacted. This Code amends children’s law. In 1885 New York City’s Fifth DistrictPrison was opened in East Harlem. This was a multi-tiered structure. It included fortydouble-occupancy and a dormitory that could hold fifty criminals. Next in New York’s corrections history was in 1884 when the Department ofPublic Charities and Correction acquired Rikers Island. A women’s reformatory was thenopened at Hudson. It was influenced by the Elmira Reformatory for males. In 1890Auburn prison electrocuted the first state inmate. In 1892 a statute was enacted allowingjuvenile case segregation and specialization. In 1893 the State Use System was started to eliminate profiteering from inmatelabor. In 1895 a new Queens County Jail was built. It later becomes known as the CityPrison of Queens. It has a main building and a annex. The main building consisted of fivetiers of cells looking down a central corridor. The annex was used as a women’s prisonfor a long period of time. In 1895 and 1896...
