ally mice. This relationship is based on genes, the basic units in cells that determine inherited characteristics. Genes determine whether excess weight is stored as lean or fat tissue. Scientists have discovered that mice and certain other animals have a gene that causes the satiety center not to operate. Other genes in some mice cause their bodies to overproduce certain hormones. As a result of these hormones, the mice make body fat too easily or use it up with difficulty. Still other genes cause some mice to become obese more quickly than others when physically inactive or when given a diet high in fat. See GENE; HORMONE. In human beings, the action of genes is not as well known as in animals. However, there is evidence that some people are more likely to become obese than others because of their genes. For example, studies of high school students show that only about 8 per cent of the children of thin parents were obese. Among families where one parent was obese, 70 per cent of the children were fat. Among families with both parents obese, 80 per cent of the children were fat. Adopted children do not show this relationship to their adoptive parents. Diseases and Other Causes. Obesity may result from a number of diseases. Some ailments of the endocrine glands cause these glands to release too much of a hormone into the blood stream. The excess hormone disturbs the feeding and satiety centers of the brain. In addition, obesity can result from damage to these brain centers caused by infection, injury, or a tumor. How to Control Obesity You should consult a physician and have a medical checkup before starting an extensive weight reduction program. The advice of a dietitian is also useful. An obese person may need psychological help as well, especially if the person is young and has been teased and made to feel guilty, hopeless, or worthless. Psychological treatment can help remove these feelings so that the obesity ...
