the number of people that can be fed with the food that was harvested. In what is now Nigeria, the ancient settlement at Igbo-Ukwu was an outpost of West African long-distance trade routes. The first commodity used in trading was Salt. The inroads of the gold trade stimulated the establishment of centralized states however limitations of environment predicated their failure. Of Africa there is the wide spread idea that generations enjoyed congenial lives in integrated, societies smoothly functioning prior to the era of European exploitation and it is very incorrect belief. Of this we know few communities had adequate labor to meet with their needs, in addition their existence was arduous and erratic. Slavery was common and this practice continues today within various countries. Bananas and Plantains introduced to Africa from Asia 2,000 years ago continues to produce high yields with minimal labor and are a main staple food especially in Uganda where coincident to this introduction is the value for cattle, and that they are symbols of status and prosperity. (Part 5) Begins with Foreign Influence Mostly the exploitation of the inhabits adults and children enslaved to Europe in 1441 as well as animal export as early as 1415 by the Chinese of a giraffe to Beijing. While the Portuguese continued to be major exploiters of slaves and gold from Africa throughout this period of history as well as building settlements for this purpose, where by they harnessed Africa to Europe. The foreign demand for slaves became relentless, more than 9,000,000 slaves were shipped across the Atlantic during the years of 1451-1870 and were the principal exchange for the European taste for sugar. (Part 6) Settlers The Dutch made a permanent colony at the Cape in 1605 which produced a clash in land-use strategies with the indigenous people this and other conflicts between whites and blacks of Africa continue today....
