l violations went unchallenged because the people whose rights were most often denied were precisely those members of society who were least aware of their rights and least able to afford a lawyer. They had no access to those impenetrable bulwarks of liberty, the courts. The Bill of Rights was like an engine no one knew how to start. The ACLU, the NAACP, founded in 1909, and labor unions, whose very right to exist had not yet been recognized by the courts, began to challenge constitutional violations in court on behalf of those who had been previously shut out. This was the beginning of what has come to be known as public interest law. They provided the missing ingredient that made our constitutional system and Bill of Rights finally work. Because of this, the Bill of Rights was proves that it did not come from a desire to protect the liberties won in the American Revolution, but rather from a fear of the powers of the new federal government....
