e anti-Federalists attacked the lack of a bill of rights, just as Jefferson had at first been opposed to it. They believed that the southern states were being discriminated against in issues of navigation legislation; they opposed direct taxation and the loss of state sovereignty. One of the issues most in concern, in fact, was the idea that the size of the county would be too much for a republic to control, and the government would come crashing down (Overview, 2000). Alexander Hamilton in New York enlisted the services of Madison and John Jay to create a regular article in the New York Pact replying to the accusations of the anti-Federalists. Under the pen name 'Publius', Hamilton, Madison, and Jay wrote over 80 letters countering the volleys of the anti-Federalists. Madison, however, was the one who countered the issue of the size of the country being controlled by a republic, in his letter number 10. Madison turned the argument completely around, stating that"the smaller the society the fewer probably will be the distinct parties and interests composing it; the fewer the distinct parties and interests, the more frequently will a majority be found of the same party and the more easily will they concert and execute their plans of oppression" (Federalist, 1787).Madison claimed that a large republic would have the reverse effect. In a large country, the differing views and diversity of the people would inhibit small factions from growing. If five people, who all began the day with the same view on a subject, each encountered in the course of their day views which modified their view slightly, then those five would no longer likely form a faction which would be threatening to the government (Overview, 2000).Madison's logic and compelling use of language won him more and more votes in favor of the ratification of the Constitution. He even, in another letter, conceded to the need for a Bill of Rights, which met with still more approval. Ha...
