chloroarsine Methyldichloroarsine Ethyldibromoarsine Bischloroethyl sulfide (HS, mustard gas *../agents/mustard.html*) First used in an artillery attack on 12 July 1917 by the Germans. This agent caused the most casualties of any agent used during World War I. Of those chemical warfare agents tried, chlorine, phosgene, diphosgene, chloropicrin, hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride, and mustard were produced and used in large quantities.Production of Chemical Warfare Agents during WWI (in tons)*ww1.html*,*ww1.html*ChlorinePhosgeneDiphosgeneMustardChloropicrinCyanidesTotalGermany58,10018,10011,6007,6004,10099,500France12,50015,7002,0005007,70038,400Britain20,8001,4005008,00040031,100US2,4001,4009002,5007,200AustriaNANANA0NANA5,245ItalyNANANA0NANA4,100RussiaNANANA0NANA3,650Total 93,80036,60011,60011,00015,1008,100189,195Note that a portion of the chlorine, phosgene, and cyanide were used for non-chemical warfare purposes. A total of 150,000 tons of chemicals were produced for chemical warfare purposes, and 125,000 tons of that were actually used on the battlefield.*ww1.html*Back to Top *ww1.html* Development of Additional Means of DeliveryAt the same time as they experimented with more lethal chemical agents, both sides worked to develop more effective methods of agent delivery *../weapons.html*. Gas cloud attacks relied on the wind; in the absence of wind or if the wind blew from the wrong direction, gas cylinders were useless. If the wind shifted shortly after a release, the gas would blow back onto the attacking forces. Thus, a number of new means of delivering chemical warfare agents to the opposing forces were introduced:The 4 inch Stokes mortar developed for chemical agent delivery, first fielded in September 1915 at Loos; this represented the first use of projectiles filled with lethal chemicals in World War I. The Germans produced chemical agent-filled projectiles for 77 mm., 105 mm, and 150 mm artillery pieces, and the French produ...
