n denounces white-American racist colonialism, which has oppressed colored peoples of the world. He advocates violence and revolution, disregarding compromise and efforts of nonviolence.Brown, Sterling. Strong Men. Long and Collier, 411-3. Brown explains through this poem how the struggle has been hard and long, but strong men keep on a coming, getting stronger. The struggle and suffering has only made the African-American race stronger. He concludes, One thing they can not prohibit The strong men . . . coming on / The strong men gittin stronger. / Strong men . . . . / Stronger . . . .Bunch, Ralph J. A Critical Analysis of the Tactics and Programs of Minority Groups.Journal of Negro Education. 4.3 (Jul. 1935): 308-20. Rpt. in Broderick and Meir, 161-79. Bunch criticizes contemporary movements and programs for racial advancement. He concludes that the only hope for minorities in America is to align themselves with the programs and tactics, and hence the social needs, of the majority. In his dismissal of violence, he concludes that such an outcome can be projected only in the future, acknowledging that it is a viable possibility.Carmichael, Stokely. Address to the Berkeley Black Power Conference. Berkeley, CA, Oct. 1966. Rpt. in part Straub, 33-41. Carmichael proclaims in this speech to a mostly white audience that black people are fed up with White society and White racist institutions. Carmichael proclaims Black Power and liberation of the Black people to function, move, and live free in society. He asks, Will White people overcome their racism and allow for that to happen in this country? If not, we have no choice but to say very clearly, Move on over, or were going to move on over you.Cleaver, Eldridge. Political Struggle in America. Address to the Peace and Freedom Party Forum, Oakland, CA, 11 Feb. 1968. Rpt. in Straub, 66-72. Cleaver proposes that in order for Black Americans to establish their own nation, th...
