ared with Sumerians. During 13th and 12th centuries B.C Elam succeeded in defeating the Assyra Empire which was a very powerful empire at that time; however, through out the centuries that followed, the Assyrians continued to fight for control of the region. Finally by 900 B.C Assyria restored its control over Bobylon.During the second millennium B.C a group of Indo-Europeans ( Aryans ) moved into the Iranian plateau either through central Asia or from Caucasus. They were divided to several tribes that were distinguished from each others through their different languages.The most famous of these tribes were the Persians ( Parsa ) and the Medes ( mada ). The Persians eventually settled in Fars and in the Bakhtiare Mountains and the Medes occupied the Ecbatana (the present name is Hamadan ). The Mede were organized as an independent group . During 633-584 B.C the Mede finally brought down the Assyria Empire and more than half a century , they ruled over a vast empire from Afghanistan to Turky.In 549 B.C the last ruler of the Mede, Astyrage was defeated by Cyrus II . Under the leadership of Cyrus the two Iranian tribes , the Mede and the Persian , were combined to form the unit Persia. By uniting these two groups, Cyrus established Acheamenid Empire which was the first Persian empire and the most extensive empire known in the ancient world.Cyrus II ( also known as Cyrus the great ) was named after his grand father . his father Cambyse , the son of Cyurs I, was the ruler of the Persian tribe. In that time ,Persia was not independent. It was actually under the influence of the Mede. Although Cambyse was the Shah ( King ) of the Persians, at the same time he was a governor of Persia for Astyage who was the Shah of the Mede.Cambyse married Astyage daughter ,Mandane and named his son Cyrus. When Cyrus was a childe , he was always the leader of other kids around him. Because of this characteristic of Cyrus, Astyage wanted him dead . Astyage w...
