nce of the rights protected and guaranteed by the Fourth Amendment, many questions and concerns existed regarding police and court procedures and practices. The most important of those questions was whether or not illegally obtained evidence could be used in courts. Before 1914, any evidence obtained by the police could be used in both Federal and State courts, regardless of any constitutional violations that might have taken place during the search and seizure of that evidence. Such practice has spawned multiple occurrences of police misconduct. Before that date, many police officers did not follow constitutional requirements. They could freely search individuals and households and seize evidence without appropriate warrants. Needless to say, that such poor performance resulted in illegal arrests and unjust prosecutions of innocent people. One of such cases had become a landmark and initiated the long process of reforms in regard to the Fourth Amendment and police conduct. The Supreme Court articulation of the exclusionary rule has come in Weeks v. United States case in 1914. That case has changed the Fourth Amendment and related laws forever. The defendant, Mr. Freemont Weeks was convicted based on the evidence illegally seized from him during the warrantless search. The appeal was initiated by the defense attorney, thus bringing the case to the attention of the highest Court. The United States Supreme Court overturned his conviction and stated that the evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court. However, Weeks v. United States made the exclusionary rule applicable to the federal government only. The exclusionary rule as per Weeks was intended to create a powerful tool of deterring police misconduct and reinforcing the Fourth Amendment. In 1918, a new doctrine was introduced to supplement the exclusionary rule. The Fruit of the Poisonous Tree became a first legal principle, which deemed inadmissible to court any evidence tha...
