urce environments can also serve to increase economic competitiveness. These methods are not considered espionage as such. Nevertheless, the processing of data, collecting information, and forming it into intelligence for distribution is a service that thousands of analysts at intelligence agencies perform. Nonintrusive methods can supply data and information that are used to formulate intelligence-based decisions through researching published materials, seeking out disclosures made by employees, obtaining market surveys and reports, and analyzing competitors products. Economic Espionage Activities Unfortunately, and not surprisingly, publicly available information is limited concerning the economic espionage activities of most countries. However, sufficient evidence for a select group of countries provides some insight into how intelligence agencies have adapted to the economic arena. France Although the French may view the United States as a political and military ally most of the time, this friendship extends only to those two areas, and certainly not to the areas of technology and economics. France uses its intelligence services to engage in a variety of intrusive methods to conduct economic espionage and to provide intelligence to various French governmental agencies, which in turn determine which French companies should receive it. Both the Directorate General of the External, which is France's equivalent of the CIA...
