enetic predisposition, obesity, mechanical joint stress, joint trauma, previous bone or joint disorders and a history of inflammatory, endocrine or metabolic disease. However, OA can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary though, the relationship between the two is not always apparent immediately. By the age of 75, 85% of the population will have undergone x-rays or other diagnostic tests to either rule out or confirm osteoarthritis. Out of this number, only 25% will experience symptoms.D. Medical Treatments for the client with Osteoarthritis1. Orders:With this particular client, a complaint of back pain was the factor that brought her to the emergency room. Upon examination, it was found that the client was experiencing more pain while standing or sitting rather than lying down. The doctor ordered an x-ray which confirmed the presence of large and inflamed vertebrae in the back and the progressive loss of joint cartilage. This client also had a history of a degenerative spinal disorder. Since cartilage does not appear on x-rays, the doctor takes note of a narrowing of space between the bones, where the cartilage and fluid capsule should lie. Serum studies are not useful in this type of disorder, however, labs were drawn on this client due to evidence of infection in her system (high fever, redness and swelling over the lumbrosacral area). The client was ordered to reduce her activity level to bedrest. A K-pad was ordered to provide heat and pain relief to the area of inflammation in the back. The client was put on Flagyl and Cefzil for evidence of bone and joint infection and Demerol and Ativan for pain management. These medications will be looked at in depth in section D3 of this paper. The patient was assigned a regular diet and additional yogurt supplementation to prevent a candidas infection with relation to the extensive levels of antibiotics she is on.2. Procedures:The patient is to get up with Physical Therapy three ...
