he most common causes of elevated blood phosphate levels are in association with kidney dysfunction and uremia. This is because phosphate is so closely regulated by the kidneys. Renal insufficiency and severe nephritis (accompanied by elevated- : BUN and creatine) Albumin3.13.8-5.0albumin is a protein that is formed in the liver and that helps to maintain normal distribution of water in the body (colloidal osmotic pressure). It also helps in the transport of blood constituents such as ions, pigments, bilirubin, hormones, fatty acids, enzymes, and certain drugs. Decreased albumin levelsDecreased albumin levels are caused by many different conditions- inadequate iron intake, Severe liver diseases Malabsorption, Starvation, excessive administration of IV glucose in water RADIOLOGYF/Y empyema status no change since 9/3/96. F/U - bilateral sever pulmonary emphysema & interstitial fibrosis. CBC shows high levels of WBC’s and bends indicative of ongoing infection. Chemistry shows elevated liver enzymes. UA and C&S are negative. Blood cultures are also negative. Sputum C&S and Gram Stain show WBC* 25, Eph.*10 and presence of Alpha streptococcus & neisseria.LABS AND X-RAYS: CXR done on 9/3 shows normal heart size, no change in the status of pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema but there is new fluid in R major fissure. Echo done 7/22 reveals L ventricular systolic dysfunction and ejection fraction of 31%. ECG done 7/29 shows Arterial Fibrillation. CT-scan of chest is ordered. MEDICATIONS ALBUTEROLAlbuterol, Proventil, Proventil Repetabs, Salbutamol, Ventolin, Ventolin Rotacaps, VolmaxFunc. class.: Adrenergic b2 agonistAction: Causes bronchodilation by action on b2 (pulmonary) receptors by increasing levels of cAMP, which relaxes smooth muscle; produces bronchodilation, CNS, cardiac stimulation, as well as increased diuresis and gastric acid secretion; longer acting than isoproterenolUses: Prevention of exercise-induced asthma, bronch...
