NSTeachers read out text books and follows grammatical explanations. Children will have no excitements during the class nor opportunity to use them on the street. It is claimed that if children can begin to acquire a second language at an early age they will find it easier to develop fluency, and will speak it without an accent. Age is a factor in acquiring one's mother tongue, and this also applies when learning a second language. One essential to developing such a skill is the ability to switch from one language to the other, as appropriate. Studies on the effects of age on this learning are already proven by manay linguists. It is clear that if they start at the age of 12 years they are learning it like any other subject they study. If the opportunity is present, surely it is better to acquire a second language than learn it. And that Adult language learners are notorious for their lack of ultimate mastery of language structure. However in Japan, schools do not expect students to be a good speaker. Acquiring the right pronouciation may even come the last when they study English at school. In reality, during the course of the students' language development (an innate ability all humans possess for acquisition of oral language) children should be taught formal teaching of language in school along with the pronounciation and followed by the acquisition of the written system of language. This includes the acquisition of the oral and written systems of the student's L1 and L2 across all language domains, such as phonology (the pronunciation system); vocabulary, morphology, and syntax (the grammar system); semantics (meaning); pragmatics (how language is used in a given context); paralinguistics (nonverbal and other extralinguistic features); and discourse (stretches of language beyond a single sentence). To assure cognitive and academic success in the L2, a student's L1 system, oral and written, must be developed to a high cognitive...
