. Studies have shown that the diaphragm plus spermicide can cut the woman's risk of sexually transmitted diseases and pelvic inflammatory disease. Diaphragm users have also been reported to have a lower risk of cervical abnormalities and cervical cancer. Spermicides have been shown to kill the germs that cause many STD's like gonorrhea, herpes, and HIV. However, large quantaties of spermicides may result in sore in the vagina, which might increase the risk of HIV.Disadvantage of the diaghragm: The diaghragm is availabe by prescription only. Some women find it hard and unconfortable to insert the diaphragm and also taking it out. Users complain the its too messy and interferes with spontaneity of sex. Also motivation plays a big role. The user has to be motivated to use the diaphragm correctly and consistently every time she has sex. There is also concern about the possibility that the diaphragm might increase a woman's risk of toxic shock syndrom. The symtoms of toxic shock include a sudden high fever, vomitting, diarrhea, faintness, and a sunburnlike rash.In my opinion the diaphragm is a good method for elderly women. Women that have stable relationships and are not sexually active with more then one person. Women that are willing to be motivated and consistant to use it. Couples who would find it hard to use the diaphragm should not use it. Younger women who are highly fertile and sexually active should not use the diaphragm.Tubal LigationTuban ligation is surgery done to permantly close or block off a woman's fallopian tubes so that sperm and egg can no longer meet. There are two fallopian tubes, each connecting an ovary to the uterus. After the tubes are closed off, the egg and sperm simply dissolve when they reach the blocked area of the tubes.Tubal ligation can be done in a variety of ways. There are different ways in how the doctor gets the tubes and in how the tubes are sealed closed. "Band-Aid" surgery requir...
