ulfill a need. The second element is instrumentality, this is the belief that if an individual gives a certain level of performance, then a desirable outcome is expected. The third element is expectancy, this is the belief an individual has about the relationship between effort and performance, if one exerts a high level of effort, then one can expect good performance. What motivates people depends on their perception of the attractiveness of the goal and its attainability. This is only a selection of motivational theories, there are many more. Regardless of which theory is followed, interesting work and employee pay are important links to higher motivation. Options such as job enlargement, job enrichment, promotions, monetary and non-monetary compensation should be considered. The key to motivating employees is to know what motivates them and designing a motivation program based on those needs....
