hostility between the two nations. It was also the first peace treaty between Israel and an Arab state. (Silverman, 91) In spite of this, during a military parade in Cairo, Islamic militants opposed to the Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty assassinated Egyptian President Anwar Sadat. (Goldschmidt, 333) In 1980, tensions were increased by the formal proclamation of the entire city of Jerusalem as the Israeli capital. In 1982 Israel invaded Lebanon in an effort to destroy PLO strongholds and halt terrorist attacks on northern Israel. As a result, the PLO agreed to withdraw its guerrillas from Beirut, Lebanon. Israel also welcomed Jews from all over the world, although it concentrated on Jews from other Middle Eastern countries. In 1985, Operation Moses, a secret emergency rescue mission, brought over eight thousand Ethiopian Jews to Israel. (Silverman, 92) Peace proposals were often created in order to stop the violence between Israel and its Arab neighbors. In 1988, PLO Chairman Yasir Arafat renounced terrorism and recognized the existence of the State of Israel at a special United Nations session in Geneva, Switzerland. (Tessler, 485) At a peace conference in Madrid, Spain in 1991, Arabs and Israelis sat at the same table for direct discussions for the first time. In 1992, Israeli-Palestinian Declaration of Principles, "Oslo I", was signed. The treaty stated that Israel and PLO recognized each other's political and lawful rights, agreed to end the years of conflict, and pledge to work for coexistence, peace, and security. (Benvevisti, 217) However in 1994, an Israeli extremist fired on Muslims worshiping at a Mosque in Hebron. Twenty-nine people were killed, and many more wounded. Although Israeli leaders condemned the attack, the PLO temporarily stopped talks with Israel. (Goldschmidt, 356) In 1994, Israel signed a peace treaty with Jordan. In 1994, terrorist suicide bombings began, launched by extremist members of the Muslim or...
