e Roaring Twenties. Chicago became the center of jazz activity. Many workers from the south migrated to Chicago and brought an interest in the entertainment. The New Orleans instrumentation was augmented to include a saxophone and piano. The banjo moved to guitar, and the tuba moved to string bass. Jazz activity existed in other cities as well, but during the 1920s, Chicago remained the hub of jazz ("Dixieland").Both musical and nonmusical changes occurred because of bop. The military service draft of World War II brought about the dissolution of big bands and the rise of small combos. Bop became the first jazz style not used for dancing. A shift occurred away from the popularity that swing enjoyed to a more elite audience, which also expanded to the players. This music's complexity required players to extend their former playing knowledge. Players had to have a greater and more immediate sense of chord recognition, as well as their extensions and possible substitutions. Music was generally fast, demanding execution on individual instruments. Today, bop is considered mainstream yet was not accepted at its time ("Bebop").Ragtime began to be published in the 1890s. It was immediately successful and subjected to various kinds of popularization. Ragtime is sometimes played fast and shallow. It was to various kinds of popularization. Ragtime is sometimes played fast and shallow. It was basically a piano keyboard music. Somewhere in the background parts is the Sousa march style. A rich body of African-American-inspired music preceded ragtime. Little is known of the early development of ragtime. It has been traced back to minstrel shows and cakewalks as early as 1895 ("Ragtime").Big band refers to a jazz group of ten or more musicians: three trumpets, two or more trombones, four of more saxophones, piano, guitar, bass, and drums. Big band music was identified most with the swing era. Many listeners consider big band to d...
