roken parts everywhere in the poem. Eliot’s use of anaphora is reminiscent of the chant that often accompanies religious ceremonies. The repeating in lines 121-122 (Do you know nothing? Do you see nothing? Do you remember nothing?) is like a catechism in form. Lines 322-324 (After the...After the...After the...) also further the ritualistic, ceremonious feeling of the poem. The analectic style that Eliot employs gives the poem a disjointed, broken feeling, almost as if the whole poem is a ceremony, and all of the analects are little cracks in what is ultimately broken. The fragmented use of allusions, combined with the foreign languages and different speakers, help establish the "unwhole" feeling of the poem. Eliot shows the dry, cracked waste land, but in the ending of the poem he gives us hope with the ritualistic chant of, "Shantih shantih shantih" (l. 434) which translates (according to the notes) as The Peace which passeth underezding. Ceremonies are prevalent throughout T.S. Eliot’s poem The Waste Land. The contrast between rituals that contain too little and rituals that contain too much show just how broken the waste land is. The actual literary tools that Eliot uses helps give the poem an apparent broken feel....
