the workplaces of modern America, and therefore intersect in the development of policy and laws. For example, The Norm controls financial institutions, government, religion, schools, human services, healthcare, criminal justice, corporations, factories, and large businesses thereby creating a vicious circle of power, privilege, exploitation, and domination. Ms. Pharr stated as the last lines in the last paragraph of this chapter the following, ?An emphasis on individual effort alone ignores structures of oppression and leaves them intact. We then fail to recognize that there is a conscious and deliberate system of oppression and exploitation affecting the economy and social welfare of our people-and that is a system that can be changed (pg. 38).I totally agree with Ms. Pharr?s interpretation of society. Race is necessary in a capitalist nation, is also a political necessity, and is socially constructed. Race is informed by social, cultural and political values that are based on socially constructed information. Who creates this ?information?? The rich, white, Christian, heterosexual, and able-bodied men, that?s who; and everyone else shallows it whole....
