.interrogans can not grow in temperatures exceeding 36 degrees Celsius. If it is frozen or dried it quickly kills the bacteria. However it can grow up to six months in moist and warm conditions, such as swamps and etc. L.interrogans is not used for any genetic engineering, in my resources. However it does kill cattle, and can cause abortions in cattle.This bacteria generally has no human reservoir. However, this being a Zoonosis,it has several animal reservoirs. These include cattle, swine, dogs, and rats.Infected swine have known to pass this organism for up to 2 years in their urine. The portal of exit from the human body is like that of the animals. It is passed in the urine of humans, since it infects the kidneys and liver, this is only natural. L.interrogans is not involved in any nosocomial infections. It is rarely ever transmitted from human to human, and the only way it could be transmitted is if a puddle of urine is left around. But in my resources I found no cases of nosocmial infections. The mechanism of tissue damage by L. interrogans is unknown. Host resistance is responsible by serum antibodies.L. interrogans is cleared in the human body by the blood and most tissue allow it to clear also.There are several antibiotics that are effective against L. interrogans and Leptospirosis. These are penicillin G, streptomycin, tetracycline, and doxycycline. Most of the drugs are intracellular in their mechanism of action. Some other important facts are: there is no human vaccine avaliable.The disease is self-limiting. Its incubation period is one to two weeks. During this period it is often hard to differintiate Leptospirosis from the flu. Many of the symptoms are similar. There are about 50 cases per year of Leptospirosis. And it is an obligate anerobe. As far as control of this bacteria goes, animal vaccienes are avaliable and eradication of rodents is essintial. Alberta Canada has legeslation to ensure vaccination...
