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Back to Subjects - Psychology

Childrens IQ

Childrens IQ The controversy of the IQ test has been going on since the time of Galton. We will take a look at the pros and the IQ testing has been debated for a long time and we will take a look at the pros for IQ testing. A major reason why IQ testing is so widely used is that they are standardised, reliable and valid. IQ testing is a very good predictor on how children will do in school. Today’s IQ testing are set up that there are certain tests for children and different tests for adults. The most widely used intelligence test for adults is the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale or the WAIS. And the most widely used children’s IQ test is the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. Intelligence test given in kindergarten begin to predict academic achievement in the following years. These test are reliable in the sense that they yield dependable consistent scores. These test are also consistent throughout life. Also IQ scores predictive validity correlates well with highschool grades, about +0.50.(Cornbach, 1970 ; Bernstein et al, 1997).IQ tests also correlate with how you do outside school; such as your occupational status IQ testing for job employment is very successful at finding new employees and is good at identifying hard workers. IQ testing also has the ability to identify gifted students with unique educational and socio-emotional needs. Also IQ tests can identify students that are underachievers, have low verbal ability, have handicaps such as learning disabilities, behavioural disorders, hearing impairments, visual impairments, and physical impairments. (Kaufman & Harrison, 1986). As we can see IQ testing is very good at establishing how you are to do in your academic career and also a good indication of There are also many opposing ideas to IQ testing. Past tests were not good for adults because they were calculated from there mental age meaning that if a person the age of 40 did as well as a 20 year old then they would have a IQ of 50. (Myers 1998) As we can see IQ tests were unfairly done. Now “there is no any longer intelligence quotient.”(Myers 1998, pg. 335) Now the average test score for each age is 100. A lot of controversy over IQ tests came after the first World War. Intelligence tests have labelled people with certain inferiority’s, especially ethnic and immigrant groups. Intelligence tests were also given to people who immigrated to the US, many immigrants were turned back for having low IQ scores. These people were given a look of inferiority because they scored low on a English based test.”Following his 1913 study of arriving immigrants, psychologists Henry Goddard claimed that 83 percent of the Jewish immigrants, 80 percent of the Hungarians, 79 percent of the Italians, and 87 percent of the Russians were “ “feeble-minded.””(Myers 1998; from Eysenck & Kamin, 1981 pg.336) Things like this were a major reason of enforcing new immigration laws, which reduced emigration from Northern and Southern Europe.(Myers, 1998) Numerous IQ tests are culturally biased, these differences may occur because people live in different areas of the city, i.e. ghetto, slums or the opposite side of the spectrum. Intelligence tests are also seen as concrete things not as test marks anymore. People are assigned an IQ for life and other attributes are not as important. Another disadvantage of intelligence tests is that they only test one thing your, intellectual knowledge. It does not test your creativity, practical intelligence or your emotional intelligence. Many tests that measure your intelligence such as the SAT or GRE can be studied for and are not significantly measuring your knowledge on the subject. IQ tests scores can also be affected by stress and anxiety. Many psychologists do not agree with the definition of intelligence. Meaning that they do not agree with what IQ tests measure. There are social consequences that come with results from IQ tests. Children may be isolated because he/she is gifted or needs special educational needs. IQ tests only measure academic standings. Young believed that IQ would organise society into a meritocracy.(Berstein et al.) These ideas are very disturbing as Young and his people wanted to organize society strictly on IQ standings. IQ tests do not measure other important skills a person such as athletic ability, they may be very athletic but not very intelligent. As we can see there are many controversies to IQ testing. As a whole IQ testing is a positive thing in life. IQ testing is now better as there are tests that are not culturally biased and test intelligence for what it is. Bibliography: REFERENCES Bernsein,D.A., et. al.(1997). Psychology 4th ed.,New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. Goetz,Philip W. (1990). The New Encyclopaedia Britannica.,Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. Kaufman. A.S. and Harrison, P.L. (1986).Intelligence tests and gifted assessment: What are the positives?,np.:Roeper Review. Myers, David G. (1998) Psychology 5 th ed., New York: Worth Publishers.

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