e second or third session might have been reasonably explained if the feeling of irritation were taken into consideration.In conclusion, the high discrimination ratio and the many numbers of pecking during S+ test trials clearly showed that the bird, 4557 learned the discrimination of two different intensity of lights, and the other birds also successfully showed the sign of learning. However, most birds had previous experience, so this operant conditioning had an aspect of remembering. It might have been the reason why most birds had pretty high discrimination ratio. Therefore, it can be said that the results was reliable but the validity of this experiment might have been questionable. This training clearly showed the changes of the dove*s behavior but did not give clear factors for how they learned. That is to say, the possibility of that they just remembered what they had learned previously could not be rejected from this experiment....