d age ofparticipant, gender of participant and frequency of smiles expressed in a five minute timeframe. It also noted the date and location of the observation.Procedure The experimenter was seated at random places in the restaurants and the food courtand observed and recorded the frequency of smiles that occurred during a five minute timeframe. A smile was defined as a facial expression indicating pleasure, favor or amusement,characterized by an upturning of the corners of the mouth. If the experimenter could notclearly distinguish between a smile and a similar facial expression, such as a smirk, thatwas not recorded or included in this observation.Results Within a five and one-half hour time period, females expressed 1,937 smiles, with theaverage number of smiles expressed by females in a five minute time frame being 11.73. Males expressed 1,035 smiles within a five and one-half hour time period, with theaverage number of smiles expressed in a five minute time frame being 6.67. Figure 1 andFigure 2 indicate this data respectively. A one-way Chi-squared was used to analyze the data. The results showed a significantdifference in the smiling behavior by women compared to men, X2 (1, N = 64) = 0.09,p*.05.Discussion The results of the present study indicate that females smile more often than men duringverbal interactions. This conclusion is consistent with the results from previous studiesand my hypothesis was supported with significant results. These results could have beeninfluenced by several factors that will be discussed in further detail. Although there was a significant difference in the frequency of smiles expressed bywomen versus men, I think that the results could be more powerful if duplicated using amuch larger sample size. Another possible reason for the difference in the frequency ofsmiling is the influence of alcohol. Some of the participants were drinking alcoholicbeverages, which may have an af...
