. Some cite differences in hormones, and others point to the stress caused by societys expectations of women. Depression occurs in all parts of the world, although the pattern of symptoms can vary. The prevalence of depression in other countries varies widely, from 1.5 percent of people in Taiwan to 19 percent of people in Lebanon. Some researchers believe methods of gathering data on depression account for different rates. A number of large-scale studies indicate that depression rates have increased worldwide over the past several decades. Furthermore, younger generations are experiencing depression at an earlier age than did previous generations. Social scientists have proposed many explanations, including changes in family structure, urbanization, and reduced cultural and religious influences.SYMPTOMS Although depression may be seen anytime from childhood to old age, depression usually begins in a persons 20s or 30s. The illness may start slowly, then increase gradually over months or years. On the other hand, it may finish suddenly in a few weeks or days. A person who develops severe depression may be seen so confused, frightened, and unbalanced that observers speak of a "nervous breakdown." When it begins, depression causes serious changes in a persons feelings and outlook. A person with major depression feels sad nearly every day and may cry often. People no longer get pleasure from their work and activities.Symptoms of depression can change by age. In younger children, depression may include physical complaints, such as stomachaches and headaches, as well as irritability, social withdrawal, and changes in eating habits. They may feel indifferent about school and other activities. In adolescents, common symptoms include sad mood, sleep disturbances, and lack of energy. Elderly people with depression usually complain about physical rather than emotional problems, which sometimes causes doctors to misdiagnose the illness. Sympto...
