230;The mind was a machine. It was operated on by external physical forces run by internal forces. Radical recluctionism No creative function of the mind: associations were automatic passive, mechanical.John Sturat Mill (Mental chemistry)…Creative synthesis: The mind played an active role in the association of ideas. Complex ideas were not simply the summation of simple ideas. Complex ideas are more than the passive sum of simple ideas. Bessel…personal differences in observation time s would be found among all astronomers, a phenomenon come to be called personal equation.J,muller…stimulation of a particular nerve leads to characteristic of sensation.M. Hall. & Flourence….cerebrum=voluntary movement spinal cord=reflex actionMedulla=respiration Cerebellum=movement Midbrain=vision / auditionExtripation…function of the brain removing a part to find the function by flurence....