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Matthew and Luke

Matthew and Luke Matthew chapter five is a sermon by Jesus. It tells us what perspective we ought to have in dealings with each other and with our attitude. Those who are weak shall be strong, and those who mourn shall be comforted tell of positive actions or humility being rewarded. Jesus goes through a list of these, exalting the poor and the weak. Mt. 5:17-20 is between the first section of what actions are righteous and before the section of what seem to be his own version of commandments relative to the law. It says that all shall be done and judged through and by him. So he gave a perspective on the humble and then judged the law. He tells people to be righteous and then tells them the manner in which to achieve righteousness. It included removing anything from your life that brought you away from Christ. If your eyes were causing you temptation to sin, poke them out. All you do ought to be done in Christ and to glorify God the Father, so whatever didn't achieve those things were not to be done and one should do whatever necessary to stop them. Matthew characterized Jesus in his gospel as such: He is announced by the narrator as Jesus as Christ, son of David, son of Abraham. This is not as strong, or divine, as Mark's announcement calling Jesus as Christ, Son of God. Matthew does later note Jesus as Son of God. Matthew uses other's response to Jesus; his evaluated point of view; Jesus' titles and attributes; and His deeds and words to characterize him. Matthew's Jesus is a very complex character. In chapter two the Magi see him as the King of the Jews. Later, John calls Him "one mightier". The centurion sees Christ as a person of authority as seen in chapter eight, and Jesus called himself the "son of man", which meant he was human. Beyond all of these titles and characterizations, two stand out about the Matthean Christ. He had great authority, and he was supremely obedient. He had power, but was humble and served to glorify God with that power. He was depicted as one who's every action was oriented towards doing the will of God. It is a standard that Matthew gives to nobody else. First of all, Matthew was a Jew who was convinced that the messiah had come. Many of his writings were Jewish, for that reason. However, he took issue with Jewish leadership and the blinding methods they used. He used this perspective and wrote anti- Jewish versus. Matthew respected and looked positively upon Jewish Law and much of the Oral Torah. He did not like what was going on in Yavneh, though. The way the rabbis there were defining these laws was not consistent with how he saw the law. He saw the Pharisees as hypocrites who did not have his perspective on what was going on in the world. For this reason, he rejected the emerging authority of the rabbis at Yavneh. He was also afraid of those who claimed his own heritage but were leading the Jewish people blindly. The purpose of Matthew’s gospel was to, “tell the story of how the coming of the Messiah has inaugurated a new phase in the history of God’s people and to explain how they were expected to live in that new age.” (Barr) Luke saw the death of Jesus as another step in an upward progression to glory for Christ. It was a necessary occurrence in order to fulfill the scriptures. It was the will of God that Jesus died upon the cross. Jesus’ death was a victory over evil. He sees things differently than the other Gospel writers. Rather than Jesus being abandoned by God on the cross, He is said to hand his spirit over to God. This shows God’s presence and acceptance of the event. Luke saw Jesus’ death as a triumph over death in the resurrection. All four Gospels held that Jesus was innocent. Luke, however, pushes the envelope further than the others do. Luke held that Roman authorities agreed that Jesus was innocent. These authorities included Pilate, Herod, and the centurion. The thief on the cross even testified to Jesus’ innocence in Luke’s gospel. Luke also does not give the exact charges of Christ when He was brought before Pilate. He gives an example of a hanus charge, which the reader knows Jesus is not guilty of. Luke’s gospel places much of the blame on the Jews, who were the people bringing Jesus to trial and consistently harassing Paul. One would get the impression from Luke’s Gospel that the Jews crucified Jesus. Bibliography:

Word Count: 779