hed Pompeys forces at Pharsalus. Pompey fled to Mytilene, where his wife Cornelia and his younger son Sextus had been living during the war, he was later assassinated in Egypt. Caesar later arrived in Egypt and assigned Cleopatra as queen. In 47 BC he further settled his disputes in Asia Minor and then returned to Rome to become dictator. By the next year all Optimate forces had been defeated and the Mediterranean calmed. Caesars way of continuing his reign in power was by initializing dictatorship for life. Dictatorship is only supposed to be held for six months and only in a dire emergency. Julius then was appointed consul for ten years, and received the sanctity of tribunes, making it illegal to harm him. Furthermore as, pontifex maximus, he was considered the head of the state religion, and above all else head of the military. This was basically the backbone of his or any leaders power. Caesar at this point is basically the emperor of Rome, although he was never actually called this. It was not till his successor Augustus, that the term Emperor was used. As ruler he instituted many reforms, he eliminated the highly corrupt tax system, sponsored colonies of veterans, and extended Roman citizenship. He reconstituted the courts and increased the number of senators. His reform of the calendar gave Rome a rational means of recording time.Caesars emperor like policies made many senatorial families uncomfortable. The republicans feared that Caesar would become a rex, or king. Gaius Cassius hatched the assassination plot along with many other scared senators. Included in this group was Marcus Brutus, most of the senators who plotted against Caesar fought under Pompey, but were given pardons. On March 15th 44 BC, Caesar entered the senate house he took his seat and was asked by Tillius Cimber if Tilliuss brother, who had been banished, could return. When Caesar rejected his appeal, Cimber seized hold of his purple robe, and pulled it away to...
