ation is the way a worker perceives his or her outcome/input ratio compared to the outcome/input ratio of another person.We as leaders and managers are continually generating either positive or negative responses from employees. Good performance results when managers obtain a positive response; it does not occur when the response is negative. The real question is what type of environment managers can provide in order to stimulate improved performance and employee development most effectively. Motivation occurs through the interaction of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards with employee needs, as modified by the employee's expectations. Managers can motivate employees toward improved performance by creating a positive climate where people can be motivated from within. Some practical things I think a manager should do to create a motivating environment include: (1) Send employees to training courses for skill upgrading and management development (2) With new and untrained employees, assigning experienced employees to assist in training and development. (3) With trained and motivated employees, delegating authority and supervising by results rather than using close supervision (4) In dealing with complex problems or special projects, calling employees in and getting their ideas (5) Assigning employees to special ad hoc task forces for developing recommendations on key issues (6) Complimenting and recognizing employees for good work...