manpower.DemocratizingIn the early 1980s the South African president P. W. Botha started to initiate a process of the South African political system. President Botha legalized for example black trade unions, established mixed trading zones, granted citizenship to urban blacks etc, but P.W. Botha did not go all the way and still did not allowed in the house of parliament blacks. President Botha did not want and had no intentions of totally change the political system. His reforms were more designed to improve and moderate and make the existing system more acceptable. But he had no intention at all to end white power.President Botha's reforms had to opposite effect, and intensified demands from South African blacks for their full incorporation into the political system. This led to several uprising in black townships that had hoped the collapse of the Afrikaner dominated regime was imminent. The government had to suppress black people and crushed their dreams one more time. This uprising had one major impact; it lead to international attention and both the United States and the European government intensified their economic sanctions against South Africa. In 1989 when F.W. de Klerk and he replaced P.W. Botha as a president, he started more extensive reforms to incorporate blacks in the political system, and emphasized the importance of negotiations instead of the use of violence as Botha. In 1990 the African National Congress was unbanned, imprisoned political leaders were freed, and exiles were allowed to return to the country.ConclusionBefore the "revolution" of 1994 people in South Africa tended to cluster in large urban centers that were unable to provide critical public service such as medical care, law enforcement, electrical utilities, and sanitation. Once the population in South Africa realized that they no longer had to live in the poverty of the past, that change was possible, and the people could create a better life throu...
