milling, iron foundyring, can making, steel production, and bicycles. The Ford Motor Company was the first to introduce the chain-driven assembly line. They came up with this from past ideas (Balkin 58).Industrial workers did not own their own tools. The factory owners incorporated more advanced tools to limit the need for human labor and to send out their products faster. This made the product cheaper and allowed the workingman to afford one. The workers did not like the machines because it was compromising their jobs. However, companies where making more money and products were being produced faster (Balkin 57).Wages were low and laborers had to work for long hours. In 1890 the average work week was sixty hours. The ten-hour day was a regular thing for workers. In the steel mills many men worked twelve-hour days and seven-day weeks. At the time workers with trades made about $4 a day. But unskilled workers only made about $1.50 a day. Girls could hold down clerk jobs in stores and make $5 to $6 a week, only professionals made $18 a week. The average annual earning of a worker was $490, excluding farm laborers (Boardman 21).The first Worker-Management Confrontations started in the fields of agriculture and mining. By this time there was a new working class, which was getting bigger. The working force was one third of the population and one third of that was made up of immigrants. The unskilled work force was mainly immigrants. They migrated from there mother countries to the United States in a search for a better life. In 1877 the average immigrant made an annual amount of $506, in 1893 it was $544, and in 1909 it was $660. These immigrants lived in poverty due to the insufficient pay. Because of the low pay children where forced to work, in order for there families to survive. Also, the depressions and recessions were at fault for 23 to 30 percent of the workers that were laid off (Balkin 32).The Mill another major employer, was comp...
