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Science
Gases
Gases Elemental (He) or molecular (co2). No shape-expands to fill any container Highly compressible (density function of applied pressure). Individual molecules far apart from each other. Gases exert pressure on any surface that it comes into contact with. Units of pressure Nm-2 = Pascal’s Standard atmospheric pressure typically supports 760mm Hg at sea level. (fixed quantity of gases & constant temp) T = absolute temperature in K In practice gases liquefy or solidify before 0 (K). Equal volumes of gases at the same T&P contain equal numbers of molecules. “count” molecules by measuring Volume at specified T&P = 1 atm (or 101.3 kPa) and Oc (273 K). 1 mole of gas occupies 22.4 at STP Boyle’s : V ~ 1/P (n & T const) Charles’ : V ~ T (n & P const) Avogadro’s : V ~ n (P& T const) Applies when low P, high T, ie when no attractive force between molecules. 8.3143 JK-1 mol –1 P in kPa, V in L 0.0821 L atm K-1 mol-1 P= atm, V in L Rearranging ideal gas equation. Multiply both sides by Molar Mass (M) Bibliography:
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