nic sequestration crisis, stroke, slow growth, and leg ulcers. In adolescence, sexual maturation may be delayed. The disturbances in blood flow associated with the disease also dispose affected persons to infections and leg ulcers. These symptoms are due to the change in hemoglobin, which changes shape when the amount of oxygen in the blood is reduced for any reason. The red blood cell in which the hemoglobin is contained changes its shape as well, from round to crescent (sickle shaped). The sickle-shaped red cells interfere with normal blood flow by plugging up small blood vessels.Early detection of sickle cell anemia can save lives. Newborn screening can be done before babies leave the hospital. Infants who are found to have sickle cell disease can be immediately entered into a program of pediatric care. Treatment for older patients are to take a daily multivitamin, decrease or avoid stress, Eat a well-balanced, highly nutritious diet, take all medications exactly as prescribed, drink plenty of fluids each day, get yearly eye exams from an ophthalmologist, and to learn all you can about sickle cell disease.The first effective drug treatment for adults with severe sickle cell anemia was reported in 1995. A study conducted by the NHLBI showed that daily doses of the anticancer drug, hydroxyurea, reduced the rate of painful crises. The study also found that those taking the drug needed fewer blood transfusions. Blood transfusions can correct anemia by boosting the number of normal red blood cells in circulation. In children, regular transfusions also can help prevent recurring strokes, other disabling nervous system complications and enlargement of the spleen before they become life threatening. A special blood test, called haemoglobin electrophoresis, can tell you whether you have a sickle cell disorder or are a healthy carrier. Researchers also are working on replacing the gene that makes defective hemoglobin in sickle cell ...
