as the only really human way to face the solution of any conflict and as an essential concept of a peace culture. Nevertheless, for a real dialogue to take place, some issues need acknowledgment, such as the claim that the Basques are a nation, not a ethnic group simply in search of recognition of their identity. In the case of a dialog that concerns the reorganization of political boundaries, it is necessary to accept that the popular wish is the only source of political legitimacy. A dialogue as a strategic or tactical accessory to violence cannot and must not be legitimized as a true dialog. Furthermore, the plea of a people cannot be delegitmized by violent actions of a handful of hardliners, instead, they must embrace the spirit of what the Basque nation stands for and bring to the table with dignity and the consciousness that true, lasting solutions often require tolerance and compromise. Bibliography...