d. If there is a problem, imaging studies will show the tumor if it is present. Early detection and treatment usually dont affect the chances of survival. The two most common imaging studies used are the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the computed tomography (CT) scan. The difference is that a CT is a type of cross-section X-ray, but an MRI uses strong magnets and radio waves instead. Other imaging studies like the position emission tomography (PET) and the angiography are less used because they only produce specific information dealing with certain aspects of a tumor. All these examinations are then used to diagnose the tumor, but to achieve definite results, a biopsy is needed where a neurosurgeon removes some of the cancerous tissue for examination under a microscope to determine the best treatment and the chances of survival. Due to the unique characteristics of brain cancer, treatment is extremely difficult and a cure is not possible since it would have to (1) treat the whole brain, (1) get to places where the blood flow does not reach, (3) kill every single cancerous cell without damaging the rest of the functional brain. Unfortunately, such a cure has yet to be discovered, and the best treatment nowadays is called standard therapy. First, surgery is performed removing about 90% of the tumor. Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy follow to achieve the maximum therapeutic benefit. Since most brain cancer is not caused by any definite causes, and occurs for no apparent reason, it cannot be prevented, especially in children (astrocytoma and the medulloblastoma). Because many parts of the brain are essential to life, a tumor that starts in any of these areas may be impossible to remove, and can eventually be life threatening. Tumor Clinical Features Treatment & Prognosis Glioblastoma multiforme Presents commonly with nonspecific complaints and increased intracranial pressure. As it grows, focal deficits develop. Course is rapidly progre...
