ch (OHER). Their major goals are to: Mapping and sequencingNA of the human Genome; mapping and sequencing the DNA of model organisms; computerized data collection; storage and handling of the information, addressing related Ethical, Legal, and Social implications. They recognized that mapping and sequencing the human genome would impact everyone’s life. They questioned how this new genetic information should be interpreted and used, who should have access to it, they are concerned that the information might result in anxiety, stigmatization, discrimination. The Human Genome Project has been used for the cloning of genes responsible for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, retinoblastoma, cystic fibrosis, and neurofibromatosis. If other diseases like these are isolated, biologists can learn about the gene’s pathology ofdisorders. For example, before geneticists cloned the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene, to confirm the diagnosis was expensive and very uncomfortable, the tests were also inadequate to detect carriers. But now, with only a blood sample, geneticistsan detect most mutations associated with DMD rapidly. The genome information can be used to detect any gene mutations likely to happen to future generations of a family. It helps to predict which individuals have an increase susceptibility to diseases such as heart disease, cancer or diabetes, which result from complex instructions between genes and the environment. “ When biologists compare the human genome with the genes of other organisms, they may gain an insight into molecular evolution including human evolution.” (New tools for tomorrow’s health research, 1992). Biologists could use the genes to compare to other genes of other species, they may get more information or perhaps even closer to finding out more about the human evolution. The HGP not only helped in the medical field, but also in technology advancement. Its biggest challenge is to find...
