th both, a destination MAC address, and a destination IP address. It uses this new information to perform Layer 2 and Layer 3 encapsulations of the data, before it sends them out over the network.When the data arrives at the destination, the data link layer makes a match, strips off the MAC header, and transfers the data up to the network layer. The network layer examines the data and finds that the IP address matches the destination IP address carried in the IP header. The network layer strips off the IP header, and transfers the encapsulated data to the next highest layer in the OSI model, the transport layer (Layer 4). This process is repeated until the rest of the packet's partially decapsulated data reaches the application, where the user data may be read. In order for a device to communicate with another device on another network, you must supply it with a default gateway. A default gateway is the IP address of the interface on the router that connects to the network segment which the source host is located on. The default gateway’s IP address must be in the same network segment as the source host. If no default gateway is defined, communication is possible only on the device’s own logical network segment. The computer that sends the data does a comparison between the IP address of the destination and its own ARP table. If it finds no match, it must have a default IP address to use. Without a default gateway, the source computer has no destination MAC address, and the message is undeliverable. One of the major problems in networking is how to communicate with devices that are not on the same physical network segment. There are two parts to the problem. The first is obtaining the MAC address of the destination host, and the second is transferring the data packets from one network segment to another, to get to the destination host.ARP uses broadcast packets to accomplish its function. Routers, however, do not forward ...
