nate. Societal expectations about the role of women as caring, nurturing and being "soft" become confused with occupational stereotyping of police as forceful, pragmatic and hard. In order to preserve the distinction, police women are pushed towards certain "acceptable" roles within policing and "controlled" through harassing behaviour by men. Within European countries, varying levels of harassment have been reported. Academic research reports evidence for sexual harassment in the RUC (Brewer, 1991); at least one Scottish force (Brown 1994); in the Belgian Police (Corryn 1994) ; Danish police (Ibsen Froslee, cited in Hazenberg and Ormiston 1995); Dutch police ( Eikenaar 1993); and also in England and Wales (Anderson, Brown and Campbell 1993). International comparison from the conference delegate data set reveals the presence of sexual harassment in all jurisdictions which apparently gets progressively worse the further into the West that the women serve. Table 3: Police women's reported exposure to sexual harassment from policemen Exposure level Eastern Europe Western Europe Britain USA % % % %--------------------------------------------------------------------------Never 69 33 21 12Rarely 15 35 41 29Sometimes 15 28 33 44Odten 0 3 5 15--------------------------------------------------------------------------Some observers of police occupational culture (Fielding 1994) argue that there is little evidence of an emergent female cop culture. Although empirical findings ( cf Lunneborg 1989) suggest that women officers place higher priority on domestic violence and their approach is different to that of male officers, Price (1989) concludes th...
